// Bol Processor version BP2.7.1 // Data file saved as '-da.checkControls.html'. Date: Mer 11 Juin 1997 -- 8:47 -gl.D50 -se.checkControls // This are examples of effects controlled by BP2 // All these examples are available on demo cassettes // These have been designed for Roland D-50 equiped with a Musitronics expansion board, but they can be adapted to other synths, notably General MIDI. Patches "Shakuhachi" and "LoudPiano" have equivalents in "-gl.GeneralMIDI", but multi-timbral patch "TheBlueNoteJazz" has no equivalent and should be designed with two different timbres on channels 2 and 4. // Csound users may check the ﾔWrite Csound scoresﾕ and ﾔTrace Csoundﾕ buttons (Settings window) // #1 Transposition // Default transposition is 0. Shakuhachi -- do4 re4 mi4 _transpose(-5) do4 re4 mi4 {fa4 mi4 re4,si4 la4 sol4 } _transpose(0) do4 {_transpose(-5) fa4 mi4 re4,si4 la4 sol4 } {fa4 mi4 re4,si4 la4 sol4 } mi4 re4 do4 // #2 Transposition. Note that BP2 clips key numbers within the MIDI range (0..127) by shifting octaves on notes beyond that range. LoudPiano -- do4 re4 mi4 _transpose(-128) do4 re4 mi4 {fa4 mi4 re4,si4 la4 sol4 } _transpose(0) do4 // Velocity controls // Note that default velocity is 64. // #3 Simple control Shakuhachi -- _vel(40) do4 re4 mi4 fa4 _vel(120) sol4 {2,fa4 mi4 re4 mi4 re4} _vel(30) do4 re4 mi4 fa4 // #4 Stepwise variation 5 to 127, and from 127 down to 10 Shakuhachi -- _vel(5) _velstep do4 re4 mi4 fa4 _vel(127) do4 re4 mi4 fa4 _vel(10) re4 do4 // #5 Stepwise variation 5 to 127, then keep value 127, eventually change suddenly to 10 // Reduce tempo if you can't hear! Shakuhachi -- _vel(5) _velstep do4 re4 mi4 fa4 sol4 fa4 mi4 re4 do4 re4 mi4 fa4 _vel(127) _velfixed do4 re4 mi4 fa4 sol4 fa4 mi4 _vel(20) re4 do4 // #6 Stepwise variation until "_velfixed", then constant value (82) until "_vel(127)", then stepwise down from 127 to 10. The constant value is approximately 70. Shakuhachi -- _vel(20) _velstep do4 re4 mi4 fa4 sol4 fa4 mi4 _velfixed re4 do4 re4 mi4 fa4 _vel(127) _velstep do4 re4 mi4 fa4 sol4 fa4 mi4 _vel(10) re4 do4 // #7 Here we control several fields of a polymetric structure with the same velocity value that keeps increasing from 10 to 127. Shakuhachi -- _vel(10) _velstep do4 re4 mi4 fa4 sol4 fa4 mi4 re4 do4 re4 mi4 fa4 {do4 mi4 re4 fa4, sol4 si4 do5} _vel(127) // #8 Multichannel and polyphonic version. Use D-50 or create a multi-timbral patch using channels 2 and 4. TheBlueNoteJazz -- _chan(K1=2) _vel(10) _velstep do4 re4 mi4 fa4 sol4 fa4 mi4 re4 do4 re4 mi4 fa4 _vel(127) _velfixed do4 _vel(30) mi4 re4 fa4 _chan(4) sol4 si4 do5 {_chan(K1) do4 _vel(30) mi4 re4 fa4,_vel(70) _chan(4) sol4 si4 do5} _script(MIDI all notes off channel 2) // #9 Also multi-timbral. We keep a separate control "_vel(40)" on one voice. TheBlueNoteJazz -- _vel(10) _velstep _chan(K1=2) do4 re4 mi4 fa4 sol4 fa4 mi4 re4 do4 re4 mi4 fa4 do4 mi4 re4 fa4 {_chan(K1) do4 mi4 re4 fa4, _chan(4) _vel(40) sol4 si4 do5} _chan(K1) fa4 mi4 re4 do4 _vel(127) // Volume control. // #10 Stepwise control. "_volumecontrol(7)" is not necessary because controller 7 is the default volume controller. Shakuhachi -- _volumecontrol(7) _volume(30) _volumestep do4 re4 mi4 fa4 sol4 fa4 mi4 re4 do4 re4 mi4 fa4 _volume(127) // #11 Continuous control. // Note that parameters K1,K2,.. may also be controlled by external MIDI devices. // The default value of _volumerate is 50 samples per second. Shakuhachi -- _volumerate(40) _volumecont _volume(K1=64) re4_______ _volume(127) ________ _volume(K2=10) _____ _volume(K1) // #12 Controlling volume on channel 4. This will work if the synth is in "OMNI ON" mode or // its keyboard is on channel 4. // Here we expect that the keyboard is not on channel 4, so we put the synth in OMNI mode // This is done by the "_script()" command which is only effective if the "Internal" // bank is selected! There are also lots of silences in the beginning to give // time to the D-50 to set-up changes. Internal - _script(MIDI Omni mode ON channel 1) -- TheBlueNoteJazz --- _chan(4) _volumestep _volume(30) do4 re4 mi4 fa4 sol4 fa4 mi4 re4 do4 re4 mi4 fa4 _volume(127) // #13 Almost the same example except that "_volume(20)" is placed before "_chan(4)". // Consequently, control is sent on channel 1 (the default channel). This will work if the synth is in "OMNI ON" mode or its keyboard is on channel 1. Internal - _script(MIDI Omni mode ON channel 1) -- TheBlueNoteJazz --- _volumestep _volume(20) _chan(4) do4 re4 mi4 fa4 sol4 fa4 mi4 re4 do4 re4 mi4 fa4 _volume(127) // #14 Continuous control of volume, channel 2. Same remark regarding channels. // "_volumerate(10)" must be placed after "_chan(2)" so that the rate is fixed on the // desired channel. // Beware that "_volumecont" precedes the first "_volume()" instruction! Internal - _script(MIDI Omni mode ON channel 1) -- TheBlueNoteJazz --- _chan(2) _volumerate(10) _volumecont _volume(127) do4 _ _volume(10) __ _volume(127) __ _volume(0) __ _volume(100)_______ // #15 Controlling volume on several channels. This may not work // properly if the synth (e.g. D-50) does not recognize positions of volume pedals on // separate channels. Either the setting is "OMNI ON" and all _volume() will change the unique // pedal (the one with the same MIDI channel as the keyboard), or "OMNI OFF" and only // _volume() on the same channel as the keyboard will be recognized. TheBlueNoteJazz -- {_chan(2) _volumerate(50) _volumecont _volume(127) do4________volume(0)____ _volume(127),_chan(5) _volumefixed _volume(64) sol4 ________} // #16 Similar example producing different results on D-50. // With "OMNI ON" and keyboard on channel 1, volume is changed on both channels. In fact, // the control on channel 4 replaces the one on channel 2. // With "OMNI OFF" and keyboard on channel 2, the control on channel 4 is ignored. // With "OMNI OFF" and keyboard on channel 4, the control on channel 2 is ignored. // I have written _volume(64) at the end of the item because you might forget to move the // pedal of your synth and it would remain silent, unless 'Reset controllers' is checked! TheBlueNoteJazz -- _chan(2) _volumestep _volume(127) do4 re4 mi4 fa4 sol4 fa4 mi4 re4 do4 _chan(4) sol4 si4 do5 {_chan(2) do4 mi4 re4 fa4 do4 mi4 re4 fa4, _chan(4) _volumecont _volume(127) sol4 si4 do5 sol4 si4 do5 _volume(30)} _chan(2) _volume(0) --- _volume(64) // There are other remarks regarding the continuous or stepwise control of parameters like // velocity, articulation, volume, pitchbender, modulation and pressure on several // channels in a single sequence. See the last examples of pitchbend control below and apply // the same principles // Pitchbend control. It is advisable to reset the pitch bender to its initial value before // exiting. At least, BP2 resets pitchbenders on all channels before starting an item. // Result depends on the pitchbend range of your patch, which is declared // by _pitchrange(x). For example, if the total range is 4 semitones, i.e. +/- 200 cents, // you should declare _pitchrange(200). BP2 only checks that the value sent via MIDI // falls in range 0..16383, where '0' means here '-200 cents' and '16383' means '+200 cents'. // The rate of sampling (default 50 samples per second) is declared by _pitchrate() // #17 Pitch bender used to modify individual notes // "_pitchrange(200)" must be placed after "_chan(1)" so that it is assigned to the proper // channel Cello -- _chan(1) _pitchrange(200) do4 re4 _pitchbend(0) mi4 fa4 sol4 fa4 mi4 re4 do4 re4 mi4 fa4 _pitchbend(50) mi4 fa4 sol4 fa4 mi4 re4 do4 _pitchbend(0) // #18 A stepwise portamento: bender values are interpolated between -200 and +200 cents Cello -- _pitchrange(200) _pitchbend(-50) _pitchstep re4 re4 re4 re4 re4 re4 _pitchbend(50) _pitchbend(0) // #19 Also stepwise, but notes are not stroked again. Will only produce effect if the 'hold' pedal is on, which is done automatically by _switchon(64,1). Cello -- _chan(1) _pitchrange(200) _pitchbend(-200) _switchon(64,1) _pitchbend(+200) _pitchstep re4 - - - - - - - _pitchbend(-200) _switchoff(64,1) // #20 A simple continuous portamento Cello -- _pitchrange(200) _pitchcont _pitchbend(+200) re4_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _pitchbend(-200) // #21 Continuous portamento down and up Cello -- _pitchrange(200) _pitchcont _pitchbend(+200) re4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _pitchbend(-200) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _pitchbend(+160) _ _ _ _ _ _ _pitchbend(-200) _ _ _pitchbend(0) _ _ _ _ // #22 Same portamento, faster. Cello -- /4 _pitchrange(200) _pitchcont _pitchbend(+200) re4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _pitchbend(-200) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _pitchbend(+160) _ _ _ _ _ _ _pitchbend(-200) _ _ _pitchbend(0) _ _ _ _ // #23 Same portamento played twice and very fast. The limitation for obtaining accuracy is only the sampling period of the pitch bender (default 50 samples per second) // Remember that PitchBend messages are produced in real time, not stored in memory, so that the movement may be quite complex. Shakuhachi -- /16 _pitchrange(200) _pitchcont _pitchbend(+200) re4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _pitchbend(-200) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _pitchbend(+160) _ _ _ _ _ _ _pitchbend(-200) _ _ _pitchbend(0) _ _ _ _pitchbend(+200) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _pitchbend(-200) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _pitchbend(+160) _ _ _ _ _ _ _pitchbend(-200) _ _ _pitchbend(0) _ _ _ // #24 Portamento on multichannel item // Unlike volume control, pitch control is properly separated on each channel in most // synth's. // Note that the first field of the polymetric volume ("do4") is assigned channel 5 // because it was the channel before entering the polymetric structure. // It is useful to specify _chan(5) at the very beginning of the item because the pitchbender // is reset on the first sound-object (here, a silence); that sound-object should be on // channel 5. TheBlueNoteJazz -- _chan(5) _pitchrange(200) - - do4___ { _vel(10) _pitchbend(-200) _pitchcont do4______________ _pitchbend(+200),_chan(2) _vel(127) _volume(127) sol4______________} // #25 Here no portamento is produced on sol4 because it is on channel 2. But the // pitchbend continues going down on channel 5. TheBlueNoteJazz -- _chan(5) _pitchrange(200) _pitchbend(+200) _pitchcont do4____ do4_____ _chan(2) sol4____________ _chan(5) do4______ do4______ _pitchbend(-200) // #26 Similar case in polyphonic piece. TheBlueNoteJazz -- _chan(5) _pitchrange(200) _pitchbend(-200) _pitchcont do4___ { _vel(10) _volume(40) do4______________,_chan(2) _vel(127) _volume(127) sol4______________} do4___ _pitchbend(+200) // #27 Using object concatenation '&' to extend durations TheBlueNoteJazz -- _chan(5) _pitchrange(200) _pitchbend(-200) _pitchcont do4___& {&do4______________&,_chan(2) _vel(127) _volume(127) sol4______________} &do4___ _pitchbend(+200) // #28 Controlling pitchbenders on two separate channels. You can use up to 16 channels with separate simultaneous movements. // "_pitchrange()" must be placed after each "_chan()" so that it is assigned to the proper channel. TheBlueNoteJazz -- _volume(70) {_chan(5) _pitchrange(200) _pitchbend(+200) _pitchcont do4________pitchbend(-200)_________ _pitchbend(0),_chan(2) _vel(127) _pitchrange(200) _pitchbend(-200) _pitchcont sol4 _______________pitchbend(+200)} // #29 Here is an example that will not work: attempting to control pitch on two separate channels on overlapping time intervals in the same sequence. The portamento on channel 5 will resume at (150) after 'sol4' instead of continuing the initial line. TheBlueNoteJazz -- _volume(80) _chan(5) _pitchrange(200) _pitchbend(+200) _pitchcont do4_____ _chan(2) _pitchrange(200) _pitchcont _pitchbend(-150) sol4__ _pitchbend(150) _chan(5) do4______ do4______ _pitchbend(-200) // #30 This is a proper way of writing the previous example. TheBlueNoteJazz -- _volume(80) _chan(5) _pitchrange(200) _pitchbend(+200) _pitchcont do4_____ {---,_chan(2) _pitchrange(200) _pitchcont _pitchbend(-150) sol4__ _pitchbend(150)} do4______ do4______ _pitchbend(-200) // #31 Here is a shorter representation yielding exactly the same result. TheBlueNoteJazz -- _volume(80) _chan(5) _pitchrange(200) _pitchbend(+200) _pitchcont do4_____ {_chan(2) _pitchrange(200) _pitchcont _pitchbend(-150) sol4__ _pitchbend(150)} do4______ do4______ _pitchbend(-200) // Modulation // #32 Step changes of modulation // It is useful to reset modulation to 0 at the end. Shakuhachi -- _modstep _mod(0) re4_____ re4_____ re4_____ re4_____ re4_____ _mod(16383) _mod(0) // #33 Continuous change of modulation // The rate of sampling (default 50 samples per second) is declared by _modrate() // Be careful to write "_modcont" before the first "_mod()" instruction. Shakuhachi -- _modrate(30) _modcont _mod(0) re4 ________________ _mod(16383) mi4______________________ _mod(0)_________ // #34 Changing both pitch and modulation Violin -- _pitchrange(200) _modcont _pitchcont _mod(16383) _pitchbend(+200) re4_____ _vel(100) _pitchbend(-200) ________________ _pitchbend(0) _mod(0) // Channel pressure // #35 Changing channel pressure by steps // Note: on this patch of D-50 channel pressure produces the same effect as modulation // It may be useful to reset to 0 at the end, unless "Reset controllers" is checked. Violin -- _chan(1) _presstep _press(5) do4 _ _ _ do4 _ _ _ do4 _ _ _ do4 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _press(127) _press(0) // #36 Changing channel pressure continuously // The rate of sampling (default 50 samples per second) is declared by _pressrate() Violin -- _pressrate(30) _presscont _press(0) do4 ___ do4 ___ do4 ___ do4 _______ _press(127) _press(0) // #37 Here the initial value (0) is stored in K1 Violin -- _chan(1) _presscont _press(K1=0) do4 _________________ _press(127) ____________ _press(K1) ____ // #38 Changing pitch and channel pressure independently Violin -- _pressrate(30) _pitchrate(40) _pitchrange(200) _press(0) _pitchbend(0) _pitchcont _presscont do4 ____________ _pitchbend(+200) _____ _press(127) ___ _pitchbend(-200) _________ _press(0) ____ _pitchbend(0) // #39 Panoramic control // Works only if a MIDI controller is assigned to panoramic control, as per General MIDI specs, by default controller 10. // I haven't been able to check this on D-50, so please report if successful // and tell me whether "left" is 0 or 127. // Here, "_pancontrol(10)" is not needed because it's the default value. Shakuhachi -- _pancontrol(10) _panrate(40) _pancont _pan(0) re4_______ _pan(127) ________ _pan(K2=10) _____ _pan(80) _________ _pan(K2) // Of course, you can combine all the effects described above: controlling velocity, volume, articulation, pitch, modulation, pressure, in polyphonic and multichannel items. The limitation is only the MIDI system: you can't, for instance, assign different PitchBend values to simultaneous notes on the same MIDI channel. // #40 Controlling switches 64 to 95 (64 is the 'hold' pedal) Violin -- do4 --- do4 --- _switchon(64,1) do4 --- do4 _switchoff(64,1) --- do4 //--------------------------------------------------------+